Computer-assisted diagnosis of thyroid cancer using medical images: A survey

Abstract

Thyroid cancer is the common cancer which can be found mostly in women as compared to men around the world. Thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland that is located around the voice box. Earlier, doctors used to evaluate thyroid cancer manually, but now they are using computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for automatic detection. As incidence rate of thyroid cancer is increasing day by day, therefore, a better technology is required for its earlier detection. There are different types of imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US), and computerized tomography (CT), which are utilized for early detection of diseases. This paper presents and discusses the major trends for an exhaustive overview of thyroid nodule detection, segmentation, classification, and feature extraction techniques. The approaches used in CAD are summarized with their advantages and disadvantages. � 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.